{"id":360,"date":"2025-07-29T18:37:29","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T18:37:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/?p=360"},"modified":"2025-08-01T10:45:06","modified_gmt":"2025-08-01T10:45:06","slug":"zrodla-informacji-geograficznej-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/zrodla-informacji-geograficznej-3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej: pierwotne i wt\u00f3rne"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"536\" src=\"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/john-cobb-23OnNfLjY3I-unsplash-1-1024x536.jpg\" alt=\"\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej\" class=\"wp-image-507\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/john-cobb-23OnNfLjY3I-unsplash-1-1024x536.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/john-cobb-23OnNfLjY3I-unsplash-1-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/john-cobb-23OnNfLjY3I-unsplash-1-768x402.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/john-cobb-23OnNfLjY3I-unsplash-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1. \u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"box-definition2\">\r\n<h3 class=\"box-legend2\"><span>\r\n\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej to wszelkie materia\u0142y i dane, kt\u00f3re dostarczaj\u0105 informacji o Ziemi i jej zjawiskach.  Dziel\u0105 si\u0119 na \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a pierwotne i wt\u00f3rne.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>1.1 \u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a pierwotne<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"box-definition2\">\r\n<h3 class=\"box-legend2\"><span>\r\n\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a pierwotne<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>To informacje zebrane bezpo\u015brednio w terenie lub za pomoc\u0105 specjalistycznych narz\u0119dzi.  Stanowi\u0105 podstaw\u0119 bada\u0144 geograficznych.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"box-example\">\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend\"><span>Przyk\u0142ad<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Pomiary terenowe:<\/strong> pomiary odleg\u0142o\u015bci, wysoko\u015bci, k\u0105t\u00f3w nachylenia za pomoc\u0105 ta\u015bmy mierniczej, niwelatora, teodolitu.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Obserwacje:<\/strong> rejestrowanie cech krajobrazu, zjawisk atmosferycznych, proces\u00f3w geomorfologicznych.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Zdj\u0119cia lotnicze i satelitarne:<\/strong> dostarczaj\u0105 obraz\u00f3w o du\u017cej rozdzielczo\u015bci, umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105c analiz\u0119 przestrzenn\u0105.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Dane z sensor\u00f3w:<\/strong>  np. czujniki temperatury, wilgotno\u015bci, opad\u00f3w,  GPS.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Wywiady i ankiety:<\/strong> zbieranie informacji od mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w danego obszaru.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>1.2 \u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a wt\u00f3rne<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"box-definition2\">\r\n<h3 class=\"box-legend2\"><span>\r\n\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a wt\u00f3rne<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>To informacje przetworzone i opracowane na podstawie \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 pierwotnych.  U\u0142atwiaj\u0105 analiz\u0119 i interpretacj\u0119 danych.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"box-example\">\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend\"><span>Przyk\u0142ad<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Mapy:<\/strong> kartograficzne przedstawienie zjawisk i obiekt\u00f3w geograficznych.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Atlasy:<\/strong> zbiory map tematycznych.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Publikacje naukowe:<\/strong> artyku\u0142y, monografie, podr\u0119czniki.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Bazy danych geograficznych (GIS):<\/strong> zorganizowane zbiory danych przestrzennych.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Raporty i statystyki:<\/strong> dane demograficzne, gospodarcze, \u015brodowiskowe.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Zdj\u0119cia archiwalne:<\/strong>  fotografie, ryciny ukazuj\u0105ce zmiany w czasie.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>2. Metody wykorzystania \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 informacji geograficznej<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"box-definition2\">\r\n<h3 class=\"box-legend2\"><span>\r\nMetody analizy danych geograficznych<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>Wykorzystanie \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 informacji geograficznej wymaga zastosowania odpowiednich metod analizy.  Wyb\u00f3r metody zale\u017cy od rodzaju \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a i celu badania.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"box-example\">\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend\"><span>Przyk\u0142ad<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p>\u2022 <strong>Analiza kartograficzna:<\/strong> interpretacja map i atlas\u00f3w.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Analiza statystyczna:<\/strong> obliczanie wska\u017anik\u00f3w, testowanie hipotez.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Analiza przestrzenna (GIS):<\/strong>  wykorzystanie oprogramowania GIS do analizy danych przestrzennych (np. analiza zasi\u0119gu zjawisk, modelowanie przestrzenne).<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Teledetekcja:<\/strong> analiza zdj\u0119\u0107 lotniczych i satelitarnych.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Modelowanie:<\/strong> tworzenie modeli matematycznych opisuj\u0105cych procesy geograficzne.<br \/>\n\u2022 <strong>Metody jako\u015bciowe:<\/strong> analiza wywiad\u00f3w, obserwacji.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"box-note\">\r\n<h3 class=\"box-legend\"><span>\r\nWyj\u0105tki i ograniczenia<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p>\u2022 Nie wszystkie \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a informacji s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie wiarygodne.  Nale\u017cy krytycznie ocenia\u0107 ich jako\u015b\u0107 i rzetelno\u015b\u0107.<br \/>\n\u2022 Dost\u0119pno\u015b\u0107 niekt\u00f3rych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 mo\u017ce by\u0107 ograniczona (np. dane satelitarne o wysokiej rozdzielczo\u015bci).<br \/>\n\u2022 Interpretacja danych geograficznych wymaga wiedzy i umiej\u0119tno\u015bci.  B\u0142\u0119dy w interpretacji mog\u0105 prowadzi\u0107 do b\u0142\u0119dnych wniosk\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\r\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poznaj pierwotne i wt\u00f3rne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a informacji geograficznej. Niezb\u0119dna wiedza dla ka\u017cdego ucznia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":507,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[161],"tags":[114,124,126,117,13,118,127,125],"class_list":["post-360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geografia","tag-geografia","tag-gis","tag-kartografia","tag-mapa","tag-matura","tag-nauka","tag-zdjecie-satelitarne","tag-zrodlo-informacji-geograficznej"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=360"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":509,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/360\/revisions\/509"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=360"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=360"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kierunekmatura.pl\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=360"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}